Everything You Need to Know About Kidney Stones

What are Kidney Stones?

Kidney stones are hard deposits made of minerals and acid salts that form inside the kidneys and can travel to other parts of the urinary tract. They vary in size, with some as small as a grain of sand and others as large as a pearl. Kidney stones can cause severe pain and lead to complications if left untreated.

What Are the Symptoms of Kidney Stones?

The most common symptom of kidney stones is intense pain in the lower back, side, abdomen, or groin. This pain may come in waves and vary in intensity. Other symptoms may include: nausea, vomiting, and bloody urine. If the stone is large enough, it may become lodged in the urinary tract and cause a blockage that can be extremely painful.

What are the Causes of Kidney Stones?

Kidney stones usually form when there is an imbalance of certain minerals and salts in the urine. This can be caused by a variety of factors, including not drinking enough fluids, certain medical conditions, and certain medications. Some people are more prone to developing kidney stones than others.

How Are Kidney Stones Diagnosed?

Kidney stones are typically diagnosed with imaging tests, such as X-rays, CT scans, and ultrasound. Your doctor may also order a urine test to detect any minerals or crystals in your urine.

How Are Kidney Stones Treated?

Treatment for kidney stones depends on the size and location of the stone. Smaller stones may pass on their own without any treatment. Larger stones may require medication or surgery to break them up or remove them. In some cases, your doctor may prescribe medication to help reduce the pain and prevent further stones from forming.